![]() ![]() The compounds produced by the combination of these elements are white or yellow salts, all of which are less water soluble than their former hydroxide counterparts. These solutions either precipitate as hydroxides or combine with atmospheric carbon dioxide and sulfur trioxide. However, efflorescence of masonry is generally attributed to water soluble sodium, potassium and calcium. The individual elements and compounds associated with efflorescence may be present in concrete masonry units, mortar and grout. If any one of these conditions is eliminated, efflorescence will not occur. Third, some force-evaporation or hydrostatic pressure-must cause the solution to move. Second, moisture must be present to pick up the soluble salts and carry them to the surface. First, there must be soluble compounds in the masonry. This TEK discusses the various mechanisms which cause efflorescence and presents recommendations for its control and removal.Ī combination of circumstances causes efflorescence. Late age or recurrent efflorescence usually consists of more permanent surface accumulations and indicates a need for corrective measures. These salts are called leachates, referred to “lime spots”, “lime runs” and “lime deposits” and are sometimes identified as “late age” or recurrent efflorescence. If the deposit is heavy and essentially shows as white streaks immediately below mortar joints or covering localized areas of the masonry, it indicates that water has entered or is entering the wall at a higher elevation. If unattended, the salts will eventually be removed by rain water. Some identify this occurrence as “early age” efflorescence or “new building bloom”. If the efflorescence is essentially uniform throughout the exterior facade, it indicates normal water loss from the materials and the building. Often efflorescence is apparent just after the structure is completed. Although it may be an aesthetic concern, efflorescence will not affect structural performance. ![]() Efflorescence is a deposit of soluble salts and bases, usually white in color, that sometimes appear on the surfaces of masonry or concrete construction. ![]()
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